Velocity Laboratories started as a collaboration between Robert Caudle and John Neubert to help clients bring pain-relieving medicines to market sooner through innovative and accelerated operant pain-testing services. Velocity Laboratories provides an independent third-party, high-throughput service for preclinical operant pain testing. The firm's validated reward-conflict-based operant assay evaluates the sensory and affective aspects of pain, better reflecting the human pain condition and offering a major advantage over standard reflex-based pain testing systems.