We propose to drastically improve efficiency and further expand the applications of the biolistics method of genetically transforming crop plants and animals. This will be achieved by the use of a new class of carrier particles, which we have named "designer particles". By altering the physical and chemical properties of carrier particles (size, composition, surface chemistry, shape, and density) particles much better suited for inducing genetic transformation can be made. This new class of particles was very recently invented and further R&D on particle production and testing for biolistics is proposed. Many potential benefits of using these newly designed particles are expected, including more efficient penetration into target cells, better protection of genetic material during particle bombardment, controlled release of materials, delivery of bio-regulator molecules other than DNA and RNA, and physical sorting of transformed cells. These newly designed particles will be commercialized based on special applications and needs of researchers and businesses in the rapidly growing market for generically transformed crop plants, and with transformation work with animals, and for genetic immunization and gene therapy of human populations.
Anticipated Results/Potential Commercial Applications of Research::We will show the production and characterization of designer particles and their use in initial tests of transforming plants in Phase I research. Phase II will see further R&D and cost optimization on the new class of carrier particles. Strong interest has already been shown by three companies, Monsanto, Bio-rad and Animal Care Systems, for use of these particles and commercialization of them.
