/abstract Glaucoma is the second leading cause of irreversible vision loss in Americans. Effective treatment requires the patient to take visual field tests over time, to monitor for progression of visual field loss. In many patients there is no progression, but when it occurs it must be detected as quickly as possible in order to save vision by using a more aggressive treatment. Patients whose vision is actually stable don't know it, so they worry unnecessarily. Conventional tests to measure visual fields are too difficult to take. They are fatiguing and the equipment they use is expensive and bulky A skilled perimetrist is still required to train the patient how to take the test and to monitor for eye movements and patient fatigue. As a result, glaucoma patients typically have a visual field test only one to three times a year. And unfortunately, the results of these tests have high variability due to the necessarily short duration of the test. Thus, there is large error when estimating the rate of disease progression from visual fields in a patient with glaucoma, and an urgent need to do additional testing at home to overcome the data limitation. We developed a test, called Vivid Vision Perimetry (VVP-10), that substantially increases the quantity of visual field data a patient can collect. Patients take VVP-10 at home on a low-cost virtual reality (VR) headset. We have made the test much more user-friendly, using a novel task. VVP-10 allows the patient to freely move their eyes and to know exactly when stimuli will appear. It gives feedback to the patient after every stimulus , and makes the test more like a video game. Patients have the option of guessing or not, because guessing does not affect the test outcome. During Phase I of this project, we demonstrated feasibility by showing that elderly glaucoma patients can perform the test at home without in-person training. The results agreed well with conventional tests, and our mathematical models suggest that taking a cluster of 10 tests four times a year could reduce by more than half the number of months needed to detect rapid progression. In this Direct to Phase II , we will make the test still easier to perform, optimize the quality of the data collected, and verify that VVP-10 can reduce by half the number of months needed to detect rapid progression. The new test is being developed by Vivid Vision, Inc., a seven-year-old company based in San Francisco, CA. The company sells a binocular vision treatment product used by 350 clinics worldwide. It has expertise in psychophysics, software engineering for VR games, HIPAA-compliant telemedicine, IP protection, marketing, and sales. Leading glaucoma specialists at the UCSF School of Medicine and the NYU School of Medicine have joined the team to carry out a one-year, multi-site study of VVP-10 in 65 patients with glaucoma.
Public Health Relevance Statement: Project narrative Over 3 million Americans have glaucoma, of whom 120,000 are blind. Visual field tests are essential for monitoring the treatment of glaucoma to prevent vision loss. We made a new test with a modernized task, called Vivid Vision Perimetry (VVP) that patients can easily use on their own at home to collect massive amounts of data about their vision. In the proposed project, we will quantify the ability of VVP to detect loss of vision in patients with glaucoma, so patients can know within months rather than years whether they can stop worrying, or need to take additional action to save their vision.
Project Terms: advanced age; elders; geriatric; late life; later life; older adult; older person; senior citizen; Elderly; Algorithms; Clinical Trials; Data Collection; Diagnosis; Equipment; Eye; Eyeball; Eye Movements; Fatigue; Lack of Energy; Feedback; Glaucoma; glaucomatous; Medicare; Health Insurance for Aged and Disabled, Title 18; Health Insurance for Disabled Title 18; Title 18; health insurance for disabled; Insurance; Marketing; Methods; Modernization; Persons; Names; name; named; naming; Patient Education; Patient Instruction; Patient Training; Patients; Perimetry; Physicians; Play; Psychophysics; psychophysical; Sales; San Francisco; medical schools; medical college; school of medicine; Computer software; Software; Software Engineering; Computer Software Development; Computer Software Engineering; Testing; Time; Video Games; videogame; Vision; Sight; visual function; Binocular Vision; Visual Fields; eye field; Measures; Specialist; Data Set; Telemedicine; improved; Procedures; Site; Clinical; Phase; Medical; screening tools; Screening procedure; Training; Stimulus; Measurement; Disease Progression; Therapeutic; tool; Diagnostic; Frequencies; Severities; Clinic; Source; Pattern; System; Location; Blindness; vision loss; visual loss; Test Result; American; field study; field based data; field learning; field test; Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act; HIPAA; Kennedy Kassebaum Act; PL 104-191; PL104-191; Public Law 104-191; United States Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act; Structure; skills; novel; Agreement; Devices; Modeling; Sampling; mathematical model; Math Models; mathematic model; mathematical modeling; preventing; prevent; Data; Cognitive; Small Business Innovation Research Grant; SBIR; Small Business Innovation Research; Monitor; Preparation; preparations; sample fixation; Fixation; cost; rapid detection; designing; design; clinical efficacy; Outcome; blind; 7 years of age; age 7 years; seven year old; seven years of age; 7 year old; user-friendly; usability; aggressive treatment; aggressive therapy; standard of care; effective treatment; effective therapy; data transfer; data transmission; data exchange; cognitive ability; virtual reality displays; virtual reality goggles; virtual reality headset; immersive gaming; virtual reality game; FDA EUA; Food and Drug Administration EUA; Food and Drug Administration Emergency Use Authorization; emergency use authorization; FDA Emergency Use Authorization; home-based test; home test; homes; Home
