SBIR-STTR Award

Gel electrophoresis is a powerful tool for separating, identifying, and purifying DNA fragments. Molecular information obtainable by this technique is directly attributable to intrinsic properties of the individual DNA fragments. Although indispensable for preparative work, which requires a physical separation of the fragments, the use of gel electrophoresis for analysis of fragment-size distributions is inefficient. The technique is inherently time consuming, requiring net migrations through a gel over a period of hours. However, the intrinsic properties of DNA fragments affecting net migration rates also affect mobilities associated with rotationaldiffusion rates. Therefore, a measure of the rotational diffusion rate, or relaxation time, will provide the same characteristic fragment information as gel electrophoresis. Because a physical separation is not required, analysis could be accomplished in a considerably shorter period of time.BioPhotonics Corporation plans to develop an instrument capable of analyzing unseparated and unstained DNA fragments in a gel matrix. By measuring the optical birefringence response to a swept frequency electric field, analysis of characteristic relaxation frequencies will provide the necessary mobility, and thus molecular weight information, for determining the distribution of fragment lengths within a DNA sample.

Anticipated Results:
This instrument will find wide applications in both the clinical market and basic research. As an alternative to fragment-length analysis by gel electrophoresis, the instrument will provide a substantial reduction in the time required for restriction fragment mapping and measuring sample purity, or will serve as a prescreen prior to electrophoretic separation in preparative work.National Institute Of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)

Gel electrophoresis is a powerful tool for separating, identifying and purifying DNA fragments. Molecular information obtainable by this technique is directly attributable to the intrinsic properties of individual DNA fragments. Although indispensable for preparative work, which requires a physical separation of the fragments, the use of gel electrophoresis for the analysis of fragment size distribution is inefficient. The technique is inherently time-consuming, requiring net migrations through a gel over a period of hours. However the intrinsic properties of DNA fragments affecting net migration rates also affect mobilities associated with rotational diffusion rates. Therefore a measure of the rotational diffusion rate, or relaxation time, would provide the same characteristic fragment information as gel electrophoresis. Since a physical separation is not required, an analysis could be accomplished in a considerably shorter period of time. We will develop an instrument capable of analyzing unseparated and unstained DNA fragments in a gel matrix. By measuring the optical birefringence response to a swept frequency electric field, analysis of characteristic relaxation frequencies will provide the necessary mobility, and thus molecular weight information, for determining the distribution of fragment lengths within a DNA sample.Awardee's statement of the potential commercial applications of the research:This instrument will find applications in both the clinical market and basic research. As an alternative to fragment-length analysis by gel electrophoresis, the instrument will provide a reduction in the time required for restriction fragment mapping and measuring sample purity, or will serve as a prescreen prior to electrophoresis separation in preparative work.National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)