LambdaVision developed a protein-based retinal implant to restore vision to the millions of people who are blinded by retinal degenerative diseases, including retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration. Preclinical evaluation of the technology, including ex vivo extracellular recording experiments and in vivo surgical development, demonstrated that we are able to reproducibly stimulate degenerated retinal tissue and safely insert the prosthetic into the subretinal space of both rats and pigs. These milestones provide a foundation for further work to test biocompatibility and efficacy of the technology; however, the outcome of future efforts are dependent on the quality and efficiency of our manufacturing methodology. The implants are manufactured using a layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly technique, in which alternating layers of the light-activated protein, bacteriorhodopsin, and a polycation binder are sequentially deposited onto an ion-permeable film. The current terrestrial LBL approach is influenced by gravity, in which sedimentation and gradients of solutions interfere with homogeneity and uniformity of the multilayered implants. We hypothesize that manufacturing in a microgravity environment will improve the quality of the films and, as a result, will enhance stability and performance for future preclinical and clinical trials. Additionally, we predict that these improvements will reduce the cost, time, and amount of material needed for each manufacturing cycle. A pilot manufacturing trial was completed on the International Space Station (ISS) via the SpaceX CRS-16 mission, which led to the miniaturization of a LBL manufacturing device and the proof of concept of creating multilayered thin films using a Low-Earth Orbit platform. In this Phase I proposal, we will perform a series of terrestrial-based parameter setting studies to optimize the LBL manufacturing conditions prior to leveraging the ISS facilities for a subsequent Phase II flight. Potential NASA Applications (Limit 1500 characters, approximately 150 words) This Phase I SBIR establishes the capabilities required to support Low-Earth Orbit commercialization related to the manufacturing of protein-based retinal implants in microgravity. The implant targets patients with retinal degeneration, a leading cause of blindness for millions around the globe, including astronauts exposed to extended-duration spaceflight. The work outlined will support a new sector in the Space economy, which utilizes the impact of microgravity on physical systems to improve current production methods for patient therapies. Potential Non-NASA Applications (Limit 1500 characters, approximately 150 words) An enhanced layer-by-layer manufacturing process can improve the homogeneity, orientation, and stability of multilayered thin films for broad applications, including retinal implants, photovoltaic cells, chemical sensors, drug delivery systems, and optical processors. Efficient ordering of biomaterials is of interest to scientists with technologies across therapeutic and biomedical sectors.
