The objective of this work is to demonstrate net shape forming of various nanophase ceramics and to improve their properties with respect to formability. In Phase I of this project, nanophase metal oxides such as titania and yttria are being produced using a gas phase condensation process. The resulting clusters are consolidated into simple shapes at different temperatures and pressing parameters. Extensive plastic deformation is being demonstrated at various temperatures (less than half the melting point) and strain rates. The resulting shapes are being characterized for hardness, fracture toughness, porosity, and mechanical strength. A number of techniques are being employed to make these measurements, including microhardness indenters, gas pycnometry, high resolution scanning electron microscopy, and optical microscopy. Further, the ceramic powders are being reformulated with agents to inhibit grain growth. Computer codes are being developed to model the densification and deformation behavior of nanophase ceramics.Anticipated Results/Potential Commercial Applications as described by the awardee:Successful completion of this project will lead to development of a database on the mechanical and modeling properties of nanophase ceramics. These data can be used in the part and process design of components made from nanophase materials. These parts can be made at lower cost with superior performance and/or greater reliability than parts made from conventional technical ceramics. Industries developing electronic and opto-electronic packaging, seals and gaskets, fluid filters, and solid-state electronic sensors are expected to be among those who benefit most from this research.
