SBIR-STTR Award

A chemical threat agent mode of action is often initiated through a selective interaction with a biological molecule or structure. The agent binding mimics normal cellular processes, but then overruns natural control mechanisms leading to toxic and even lethal effects. The binding may be used as a basis for sensing the agent. By exploiting the native binding mechanism, a sensing element can be designed that provides benefits over conventional antibody-based systems. First, the direct detection eliminates the bulky and unstable antibodies typically used for detection. The changes allow higher loading of the recognition molecules on the transducer, increasing sensitivity. Additionally, the stability extends operation lifetimes. Another advantage gained by using the native interaction mechanism for detection relates to"false-positives"that affect reliability. Only the active agent will bind its native target molecule. So, unlike antibody based detection where similar, cross-reacting biomolecules or denatured agent will bind with the sensor, only the molecules that react with natural trigger for toxic mechanism will provide a signal. The concept limits interference and efforts that may attempt to mask or mimic chemical threats.

Keywords:
chemical sensor, biosensor, threat agent detection, molecular sensing, selective binding,

A chemical threat agent mode of action is often initiated through a selective interaction with a biological molecule or structure. The agent binding mimics normal cellular processes, but then overruns natural control mechanisms leading to toxic and lethal effects. The binding is used as a basis for sensing the agent. We are exploiting the native binding mechanism, designing and producing prototypes of sensing elements that provide benefits over conventional antibody - based systems. First, the direct detection in portable field applicable prototype eliminates bulky and unstable antibodies. Our custom developed interfaces allow for higher loading of the recognition molecules on the transducer, increasing its sensitivity and dynamic range. Additionally, extended stability of our tranducer provides sufficient storage and operation lifetimes for field application. Another advantage gained by using the native interaction mechanism for detection combined with the transducer design reduces false - positives and increases reliability. Only the active agent binds its native target molecule unlike antibody based detection where similar cross - reacting biomolecules or denatured agent actuate a signal. The concept limits interferences and efforts that may attempt to mask or mimic chemical threats. The Phase II project focuses on transition of the proven concept into portable integrated fully functional prototype of the detector.