Augmented Reality (AR) is a technology that has the potential to revolutionize soldier training by enabling realistic real-world training while taking advantage of the inherent programmability of computer controlled virtual entities. The US Army is seeking to modernize Basic Rifleman Marksmanship (BRM) familiarization and qualification training by replacing the current pop-up, paper, and silhouette targets with an AR solution, coupled with a Location of Miss and Hit (LOMAH) system. This would enable more efficient, varied, comprehensive, and cost effective BRM training. AR technology will enable targets to be varied, allowing anything from silhouettes to tactically correct enemy models. Additionally, the targets could be scripted to move, pop-out from correct cover and concealment, and other advanced techniques. Environmental effects can also be simulated with AR technology, allowing advanced soldier training under a variety of conditions. Potential commercial applications for this technology providing an effective and improved training approach include, but are not limited to: law enforcement, sports shooting, and commercial/private ranges (for pleasure and competitions). The technology could also be further expanded to be used without live fire, and thus be expanded to paintball, airsoft, etc.