The planning and use of military operations areas (MOAs) and military training routes (MTRs) frequently encounter opposition due to potential conflicts with underlying land uses. These conflicts often revolve around concerns about the effects that the sound of aircraft will have on private or public lands. Both residents and various governmental agencies express concern that military aircraft operations will have adverse effects on people nearby. This Phase I effort proposes to examine service-wide experiences in MOA and MTR planning and operation, using recent experience of the proposed team in examining similar concerns for the National Parks, to identify information needed by the Air Force, and to develop data collection and analysis methods that will be useful in efforts to resolve these airspace/land use conflicts.