Very active in SBIR arena from soon after firm was founded, and still substantially involved Sanaria is a biotech company developing vaccines protective against malaria and other infectious diseases as well as related products for use in malaria research. The firm's vaccines are based on use of the sporozoite (SPZ) stage of a malaria parasite, Plasmodium, as an immunogen, and as a platform technology for liver-vectored gene delivery. SPZ are normally introduced into humans by mosquito bite where they migrate to the liver and further develop to liver stages, and eventually back into the blood stream where the parasite infects red blood cells (RBC) and causes malaria. Plasmodium falciparum is species responsible for more than 95% deaths caused by malaria. Sanaria has developed the technology to grow and harvest aseptic, purified Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) SPZ and formulate them as vaccines for human use. Sanaria's first generation vaccine is called Sanaria® PfSPZ Vaccine, and uses radiation attenuated (weakened) SPZ, that cannot divide or cause disease, to induce these protective immune responses in the liver. The next generation vaccines are attenuated differently. Sanaria® PfSPZ-CVac, uses infectious PfSPZ administered along with antimalarial drugs to develop through the liver stage and be killed before infecting RBCs and induce protective immunity. Sanaria® PfSPZ-LARC2 Vaccine is genetically attenuated to arrest (halt development) late in the liver stages of the life cycle. Sanaria is also developing a vaccine that will prevent malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax, the second most important type of malaria parasite worldwide[5] and is expanding its PfSPZ platform to develop vaccines for other diseases where an immune response in the liver may be beneficial, such as chronic hepatitis. In addition to vaccines, Sanaria produces PfSPZ products for clinical research. Sanaria® PfSPZ Challenge consists of purified, aseptic, infectious PfSPZ and is used for controlled human malaria infections to assess the efficacy of vaccines and drugs against malaria, and acquired or induced immunity and resistance to malaria infection.
